EPO T 1173/97: IBM Computer Program Product
According to this pathbreaking decision of the European Patent Office's Technical Board of Appeal, direct claims to computer programs are permissible under Art 52 of the European Patent Convention. In the words of the Board: "A computer program product is not excluded from patentability under Article 52(2" and (3) EPC if, when it is run on a computer, it produces a further technical effect which goes beyond the "normal" physical interactions between program (software) and computer (hardware).)